AGRICULTURE

CLASS-XI

SEMESTER-I

Unit-1. SOIL AND SOIL MANAGEMENT 1. Elementary knowledge of rock and minerals, weathering of rocks, soil formation, soil profile, alkaline and acidic soils.

2. Elementary knowledge of soil texture and structure, properties of soiled separates (sand, silt and clay), textual classification of soils, Structural classification of soil, soil tillage.

3. Elementary knowledge of water, importance of water in plant growth, various methods of irrigation and water lifts, used in Punjab.

4. Elementary knowledge of soil fertility- Factors affecting soil fertility. Methods of maintaining soil fertility. Organic manures (compost, F.Y.M., oil cakes and green manures) and inorganic fertilizers (nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic and mixed fertilizers). Introduction to micronutrients.

5. Elementary knowlede of water logging-causes and remedies.

6. Elementary knowledge of tillage, implements used.

UNIT-2. FARM CROP AND FARM MANAGEMENT

(Elementary knowledge)

1. Classification of crops, rotation of crops, crop mixture.

2. Study of the following crops with respect to their climatic and soil requirements, area, preparation of seedbed, time of sowing, seed rate, manurial requirement, spacing, interculture, irrigation, important pest diseases, harvesting, threshing,

yield etc.

(a) Wheat, barley, gram, toria, barseem, potato, peas, radish, carrot, turnip and onion.

(b) Cotton, maize, sugarcane, rice, groundnut, bajra, sorghum, brinjal, okra, cauliflower, gourd, melons, tomato, sunflower.

3. Fruit tree-Importance of fruits and irrigatinal requirements for growing, layout of orchards. Cultivation of mango, guava, grapes, citrus, ber and peaches, important pests and diseases of fruit and their control.

4. Common weeds of the Punjab and their control.

5. Farm Management-Study of farming as business, costs of farm operations of major crops; sowing, interculture,  arvesting and threshing, cost and income returns from major crops, simple farm records and accounts.

SEMESTER-II

UNIT-3. AGRICULTURE BIOLOGY-BOTANY

1. Biology-its definitions, comparison of living and non-living things, difference between animals and plants.

2. Cell-structure and cell division in plants, simple tissues in plants.

3. Elements of plant classification including major groups with common examples.

4. Study of the forms, structure and functions of root, stem, leaf and flower.

5. Vegetative reproduction-natural and artificial.

6. Seed structure of gram, pea, maize and castor and germination of seed. Conditions necessary for germination. Dispersal of seed.

7. Elementary study of bacteria and fungi and their economic importance.

UNIT-4. AGRICULTURE BIOLOGY-ZOOLOGY 1. Study of animal cell-its structure and division of animals.

2. Study of simple tissues in animals.

3. Study of animal classification indicating major phyla with examples.

4. Protozoa-Study of Amocba and Entamocba.

5. Study of external characters of Liver fluke, Ascaris, Earthworm and their economic importance.

6. Study of general characters of insects with specific reference to the study of external characters of ak-grass hopper.

7. Study of external characters of frog, fish and rabbit.

8. Economic importance of mammals.

AGRICULTURE PRACTICAL

CLASS-XI

SEMESTER-I

SOIL MANAGEMENT AND CROP CULTURE 1. Identification of soil by feel and touch method. Measurement of land.

2. Familiarity with farm implements and their handling, ploughing, preparation of seed-bed, sowing and harvesting of major field crops and vegetables and their harvesting.

3. Identification of common weeds, crops and their seed and fruit trees.

Note: Students will do all the practical work at the farm attached to the school and record in the practical note book maintained for this purpose.

SEMESTER-II

AGRICULTURE BIOLOGY PART-A General survey of plant kingdom, study of simple tissues of plant, structure and form of root, stem, leaf and flower. Demonstration of grafting, layering, budding, cutting,; Demonstration of studies of bacteria and fungi.

PART-B 1. General survey of animal kingdom.

2. Study of external characters of amocba, liver fluke, ascaris, earthworm, akgrass, hopper, frog, fish and rabbit.

Note: Students will do all the practical work at the farm attached to the school and record in the practical note book maintained for this purpose.

BIOLOGY

CLASS -11

SEMESTER-I

Unit-1: Diversity in Living World Diversity of living organisations.

Classification of living organisms (five kingdom classification, major groups and principles of classification within kingdom)

Systematics and binomial system of nomenclature.

Salient features of animals (non chordates up to phylum level and chordates up to class level) and plants (major groups; Angiosperms up to sub class) classification (detail of animals and plants are not required).

Biotanical gardens, herbaria, zoological parks and museums.

Unit-II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Tissues in animals and plants.

Morphology , anatomy and brief functions of different parts of flowering plants; root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit and seed. Morphology, anatomy and brief function of different systems of an annelid (earth), an insect (cockroach)

and an amphibian (frog).

SEMESTER-II

Unit-III: Cell: Structure and Function Cell: Cell wall, cell membrane and cell organelles (plastids, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies/dictyosomes, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, centrioles and nuclear organisation.

Cell cycle: mitosis, meiosis. Basic chemical constituents of living bodies: structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and enzymes.

Unit-IV: Plant Physiology

Movement of water, food, nutrients and gases, Plants and water mineral nutrition, respiration, photosynthesis, plant growth and development.

Unit-V: Human Anatomy and Physiology Digestion and absorption.

Breathing and respiration.

Body fluids and circulation.

Excretory products and elimination.

BIOLOGY

CLASS -11

PRACTICAL

SEMESTER-I

Distribution of marks 1. One physiology experiment.

2. Flower morphology (characters, floral formula and floral diagram of the given flower assigning it to the family it belongs.)

3. Section cutting of given specimen and its sketch.

4. Identification, classification and general comments on two animals.

5. Identification, classification and general comments on two plants.

6. Indentification of two permanent slides, one of a plan tissue and one of an animal tissue.

7. Morphological note on given animal model.

8. Indentification and diagram of a given bone.

9. Vivavoce

10. Practical note book.

Note : The maximum number of students to be examined by the practical exam. Not be more than 20 students per group.

SEMESTER-II

1. Study of osmosis by potato osmometer.

2. Study of plasmolysis in epidermal peels (e.g. Rhoeo leaves).

3. Study of distribution of stomata in the upper and lower surface of leaves.

4. Comparative study of the rates of transpiration in the upper and lower surface leaves.

5. Test for the presence of sugar, starch, proteins and fats. To detect them in suitable, plant and animal materials.

6. Separate plant pigments through paper chromatography.

7. To study effect of different temperatures on the activity of salivary amyiase on starch.

8. To test the presence of urea in urine.

9. To detect the presence of sugar in urine/blood sample.

10. To detect the presence of albumen in urine.

11. To detect the presence of bile salts in urine.

12. Study of mitosis in onion root tip cells and animal cells (grasshopper) from permanent slides.

13. Observation and comments on the experimental set up on.

(a) Anaerobic respiration

(b) Phototropism

(c) Apical bud removal

(d) Suction due to transpiration

14. Study of human skeleton and different types of joints.

15. Study of external morphology of earthworm, cockroach and frog through models.