Board OF Intermediate Education, A,P, Nampally, Hyderabad
Syllabus - Physics (New)
Class - XI
Chapter-1
Measurement, Units, and Dimension: Total: 11
1.1 Introduction: Units and documents, accuracy, precision of measuring instruments 01
1.2 Types of Errors: Constant error, systematic error, environment error (errors due to external causes). Error due to imperfection, random error, gross error, percentage error. 02
1.3 Combination of Error: Error due to addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, powers of observed quantities. 02
1.4 Significant Figures: 01
1.5 Units and Dimensions: Fundamental and derived physical quantities, systems of units in SI systems. Rules for writing units in SI, derived units in SI. Multiples and submultiples of SI units. 01
1.6 Dimensions: dimensional formulae and dimensional equations, dimensional constants and dimensionless quantities, principle of homogeneity of dimensions. 01
1.7 Application of dimensional method of analysis:Conversion of one system of units into another, to check the correctness of an equation, to derive the relationship between different physical quantities. 03
Chapter-2
Elements of Vectors:
2.4 Triangle law and polygon law of vectors: Triangle law of addition of vectors, polygon law of addition of vectors. 01 2.5 Concept of relative velocity-Application to relative motion of a boat in a river, motion of a boat across a river, shortest path, shortest time. 01 2.6 Multiplication of vector with a scalar, product of two vectors, Scalar product, example of scalar product work done and energy. 01 2.7 Vector product of two vectors, Properties of vector product, examples of vector product of two vectors torque – angular velocity and angular momentum. 01
Chapter-3 Kinematics: Total: 10 3.1 Introduction : Motion in a straight line displacement, speed and velocity, Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs, Equations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment), acceleration due to gravity, equations of motion for a freely falling body. 04 3.2 Equations of motion of an object vertically projected upwards from the ground. Maximum height, Time of ascent, Time of descent, Velocity of the body on returning to the point of projection, Vertical projection of an object from a tower. 02 3.3 Projectiles – Oblique projection from ground, equation of trajectory, maximum height, time of ascent, time of flight, horizontal range. 02 3.4 Tow angles of projection for the same range, velocity of projection at any instant. 01 3.5 Horizontal projection from the top of a tower, Equation of trajectory, time of descent, range, velocity of the projectile (at any instant). 01 Chapter – 4
Dynamics: Total: 14 4.1 Introduction, Newton’s Law of Motion. 02 4.2 Application of Newton’s laws – Objects suspended by strings, Atwood machine, blocks placed in contact with each other on frictionless horizontal surface, apparent weight in a lift. 06 4.3 Impulse, Law of conservation of linear momentum, Conservation of linear momentum during collision. 02 4.4 Work, power, energy potential Energy (PE), Kinetic Energy (KE), definition & derivation for both, relation between KE & linear momentum. 02 4.5 Conservation and non conservative forces, Work energy theorem, law of conservation of energy in case of freely falling body and vertically projected body. 02
Chapter – 5 Collisions: Total: 06 5.1 Introduction, Elastic and inelastic collisions. 02 5.2 Collision in one dimension (Elastic collision only) body at rest, bodies moving in same direction and opposite direction, Coefficient of restitution – definition. Equation for height attained for freely falling body after number of rebound on floor. 04
Chapter – 6 Centre of Mass: Total: 07 6.1 Introduction, Centre of mass, difference between centre of mass and centre of gravity. 02 6.2 Coordinates of centre of mass. Centre of mass of particles in a plane, center of mass of rigid body with homogenous distribution of mass of a thin rod, circular ring, disc and sphere. 02 6.3 Motion of centre of mass, (velocity and acceleration of centre of mass) characteristics of centre of mass, law of centre of mass, velocity and acceleration. 02 6.4 Explosion – motion of the centre of mass of earth-moon system. 01
Chapter – 7 Friction: Total: 11 7.1 Introduction – Cause of friction, advantages of friction, disadvantage of friction, methods of reducing friction. 02 7.2 Types of friction: Statics friction, dynamic friction and rolling friction. Distinction between static and dynamic friction. 02 7.3 Normal reaction – Laws of friction, static friction, kinetic friction or dynamic friction, rolling friction. 01 7.4 Angle of friction, motion of a body on a rough horizontal plane, motion of a body on a rough horizontal plane, motion of bodies on an inclined plane, body at rest on the plane, angle of repose – when the body is just ready to slide, when the body is sliding down. 02 7.5 Motion of a body on a smooth inclined plane, body sliding down the plane, body sliding up the plane. 01 7.6 Motion along rough inclined plane, body sliding down the plane, body sliding up the plane. 02 7.7 Pushing and pulling of a lawn roller: A lawn roller on a horizontal surface pulled by an inclined force, a roller on horizontal surface pushed by an inclined force. 01
Chapter – 8 Rotatory Motion: Total: 10 8.1 Introduction, uniform circular motion, concept of angular displacement, angular velocity and angular acceleration, relation between linear velocity and angular velocity, centripetal acceleration and force, torque, couple (Concepts, Units, dimensional formulae and examples) vector representation of torque. 04 8.2 Moment of Inertia: definition, units. Parallel and perpendicular axes theorems. 02 8.3 Expression for MI of a thin rod, uniform disc, rectangular lamina, solid and hollow spheres, circular ring and cylinder (no derivation needed) 01 8.4 Angular Momentum: Relation between angular momentum and torque, Law of conservation of angular momentum with examples 02 8.5 Motion in vertical circle 01
Chapter – 9 Gravitation: Total: 12 9.1 Introduction, basic forces in nature. 01 9.2 Nature of gravity, Law of universal gravitational constant (G) and acceleration due to gravity (g) 02 9.3 Variation of ‘g’ with altitude, depth, latitude and shape of the characteristics of gravitational force. 03 9.4 Limitations of Newton’s third law, gravitational field, field strength, properties of gravitational fields. 01 9.5 Black holes, origin, Chandrasekar limit, Neutron star. 01 9.6 Frames of Reference: Inertial and non-inertial frames, inertial and gravitational mass, relation between them. Principle of equivalence. 01 9.7 Escape and orbital velocities, derivation of relation between them. 02 9.8 Geostationary satellites, their uses. 01
Chapter – 10 Simple Harmonic Motion: Total: 09 10.1 Introduction, simple harmonic motion, examples, Explanation of Simple Harmonic Motion by reference circle, expression for displacement, amplitude, velocity, acceleration, time period, frequency phase, initial phase(epoch). 03 10.2 Simple pendulum, expression for time period. 02 10.3 Loaded spring, expression for time period, force constant. 02 10.4 PE and KE of simple harmonic oscillator. Total Energy of SH Oscillator. Law of conservation of energy in case of a simple pendulum. 02
Chapter – 11 Elasticity: Total: 06 11.1 Introduction, elasticity and plasticity, stress and strain, hooke’s law, moduli of elasticity. 02 11.2 Poisson’s ratio – definition and its limit . Behavior of a wire under gradually increasing load, elastic fatigue, strain energy. 02 11.3 Experimental determination of Young’s modulus of a wire. 02
Chapter – 12 Surface tension: Total: 05 12.1 Introduction, surface tension – definition, Examples, Molecular theory of surface tension, surface energy. 01 12.2 Angle of contact, Capillarity – Example in daily life, determination of surface tension by capillary rise method – theory and experiment. 03 12.3 Effect of temperature o0n surface tension. Excess pressure in liquid drops and soap bubbles. 01
Chapter – 13 Fluid Mechanics: Total: 06 13.1 Introduction, Principle of Buoyancy, pressure in a fluid. 01 13.2 Stream line flow – Bernoulli’s theorem; equation with derivation, Application – aerodynamic lift, motion with derivation, Application – aerodynamic lift, motion of a spinning ball. Illustration of Bernoulli’s theorem. 02 13.3 Viscosity – explanation, coefficient of viscosity, effect of temperature on viscosity, poiseuille’s equation, Motion of object through fluids, Stoke’s Law, net force on the object, terminal velicity. 03
Chapter – 14 Temperature and Thermal Expansion of solids: Total: 22 14.1 Introduction, concept of temperature. Measurement of temperature, Fahrenheit, centigrade, scales of temperature, their relation (only formulae) Different types of thermometers (brief theoretical description). 03 14.2 Expansion of solids:
Introduction, Vibration of atoms in a solid PE curve- anharmonicity of vibrations, explanation for expansion in solids. 01 14.3 Coefficients of linear, areal and cubical expansion, definition, expression, relation between these coefficient (derivation). 04 14.4 Change of density with temperature, Examples in daily life. 02 14.5 Expansion of liquids:
Introduction, coefficients of real and apparent expansion of liquid, relation brtween them with derivation. 02 14.6 Determination of coefficient of apparent expansion of liquid by specific gravity bottle method. 02 14.7 Anamolous expansion of water, its significance in nature. 01 14.8 Expansion of Gases:
Introduction, volume and pressure coefficients of gases, relationship between them (derivation). 01 14.9 Determination of volume coefficient, Regnault’s method. 01 14.10 Determination of pressure coefficient, Jolly’s bulb method. 01 14.11 Kelvin Scale of temperature, Boyle’s and Charle’s Laws.
Ideal gas equation – derivation, significance of Universal gas constant. 04
Chapter – 15 Thermodynamics : Total: 14 15.1 Introduction, Quasi static and cyclic process, reversible and irreversible processes. 01 15.2 Heat and temperature – Zeroeth law of Thermodynamics, Definition of Calorie, Joule’s law and mechanical equivalent of heat, Internal energy, 1st law of Thermodynamics – equation & explanation. 02 15.3 Heat capacity, specific heat, experimental determination of specifiq heat by method of mixtures. 02 15.4 Specific heat of a gas (Cp and Cv), External work done by a gas during its expansion, relation between Cp and Cv (derivation). 03 15.5 Isothermal and adiabatic processes: Relation between P, V and T these processes. 01 15.6 Expression for work done in Isothermal process (no derivation), expression for work in adiabatic process (no derivation). 01 15.7 Heat engines and refrigerator (only qualitative treatment). 01 15.8 Three phases of matter, Triple point, Triple point of water. 01 15.9 Latent heat, Determination of latent heat of vaporization of water. 01 15.10 Second Law of Thermodynamics – different statements. 01
Chapter – 16
Transmission of Heat: Total: 07
16.1 Introduction, conduction of heat, coefficient of thermal conductivity. 02
16.2 Convection – types of convections , thermal radiation, nature and proportions. 01
16.3 Prevost’s theory of heat exchange, emissive power, absorptive power. 02
16.4 Black body radiation, Kirchoff’s Law and applications, Stefan’s Law, Newton’s Law of cooling. 02