Psychology
Time : 2 Hours Total Question: 120 M.M.: 300
1. Which one of the following denotes a generalization that if any two responses differ in their momentary probability of occurrence, the oppotunity to engage in the more probable will serve to reinforce the less probable?
(a) The Premack principle
(b) The principle of proximity
(c) The law of effect
(d) The principles of reinforcement
Answer (a)
2. Consider the following statements regarding operant conditions:
1. The conditioning is done on emitted response.
2. The conditioning is most universal and occurs in all lower animals.
3. Autonomic nervous system is involved in the conditioning.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer (a)
3. Consider the following statements:
The associations value of non-sense syllables used in verbal learning experiments is assessed by;
1. Percentage of subjects reporting an association for non-sense syllable
2. Counts of written frequency of non-word letter combinations
3. Rated pronounceability
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Answer (d)
4. Which one of the following condition qualifiesto be an instance of negative reinforcement?
(a) Giving a punishment
(b) Withholding a reward
(c) Withdrawing a painful stimulus
(d) Excessive rewarding
Answer (b)
5. The theory of achievement motivation suggests that individuals are simultaneously stimulated by motive of success (Ms) and motive to avoid failure (Maf). The probalility of success remaining constant in all situations, indicate in which situations a person with high nAch will perform better.
(a) Ms > Maf
(b) Ms < Maf
(c) Ms = Maf
(d) Ms + Maf = 0
Answer (a)
6. Research on the physiological basis of emotion shows the involvement of:
(a) the central nervous system
(b) Only the sympathetic nervous system
(c) the limbic system
(d) only the parasympathetic nervous system.
Answer (c)
7. Match List - I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:
| List-I | List-II |
| (Brain waves) | (Mental states) |
| A. Alpha | 1. Alertness |
| B. Beta | 2. Deep sleep |
| C. Delta | 3. Emotional stages |
| D. Theta | 4. Quiet and relaxation |
Code:
| A | B | C | D | |
| (a) | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| (b) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| (c) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| (d) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Answer (a)
8. Most of the physiological changes associated with emotions are caused by the secretion of which one among the following hormones?
(a) Thyroxin
(b) Adrenaline
(c) Serotonin
(d) Somatotropin
Answer (b)
9. Cannon-Bard theory of emotions is mainly concerned with
(a) stimultaneous emotional experience and physiological reactions.
(b) emotional experience leading to physiological reactions.
(c) physiological reactions leading to emotional experience.
(d) emotional experiences in the absence of physiological reactions.
Answer (a)
10. Consider the following statement:
In terms of complexity of tasks the optional facilitation of performance differs from what generally occurs in normal emotional arousal. This difference is explained by:
1. Activation theory
2. Cannon-Bard theory
3. Yerkes-Dodson theory
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 3 only
Answer (d)
11. When the unacceptable ‘id’ impulses are dangerous close to breaking into consciousness, the type of anxiety experienced is:
(a) Reality anxiety
(b) State anxiety
(c) Neurotic anxiety
(d) Moral anxiety
Answer (c)
12. There are theories which assume that the same traits or dimensions of personality apply to everyone in the same way, though people differe in the extent to which they may possess a characteristic. Which one of the following is the approach to study the personality with the above-said assumption?
(a) Nomothetic approach
(b) Idiographic approach
(c) Traits approach
(d) Type approach
Answer (a)
13. “An innate psychophysical disposition which permits its possessor to acquire reactivity to certain classes of objects more readily than to others” is:
(a) a sentiment
(b) an attitude
(c) an erg
(d) a dynamic lattice
Answer (c)
14. Which of the following can be strictly categorized as type theories of personality?
1. Sheldon’s theory
2. Hippocrates’ theory
3. Eysenck’s theory
4. Allport’s theory
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Answer (b)
15. Counter-stereotypic inference can be effective in reducing
(a) discrimination
(b) prejudice
(c) dissonance
(d) social isolation
Answer (b)
16. The major steps followed in the preparation of Thurstone's Attitude Scale are listed below :
1. Collecting the item-pool
2. Item selection
3. Calculation of the scale values
4. Evaluation of the items by judges.
What is the correct sequence of the above in the preparation of the Thurs tone-type Attitude Scale?
(a) 1 - 4 - 3 - 2.
(b) 1 - 2 - 3 - 4
(c) 1 - 3 - 4 - 2
(d) 1 - 4 - 2 – 3
Answer (a)
17. Bipolar adjectives are used in which one of the following scales?
(a) Semantic differential
(b) Sociogram
(c) Social distance
(d) Equal-appearing interval
Answer (a)
18. The process by which people attempt to find causal explanation of others' and their own behaviour is known as
(a) Impression formation
(b) Attribution
(c) Persuasion
(d) Self-learning
Answer (b)
19. When we form an overall impression of someone based on his/her behaviour, we separately store the evaluation and the behaviour in memory. This notion stems from:
(a) Cognitive dissonance theory
(b) Attribution theory
(c) Reactance theory
(d) Dual-representation theory
Answer (d)
20. Match List - I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:
| List-I | List-II |
| (Concepts) | (Theories) |
| A. Aggressive instinct | 1. Miller and Dollard |
| B. Needs hierarchy | 2. Freud |
| C. Achievement | 3. Maslow motivation |
| D. Frustration-aggression hypothesis | 4. McClelland |
Code:
| A | B | C | D | |
| (a) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| (b) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
| (c) | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| (d) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
Answer (b)
21. Consider the following:
1. Self-assertion
2. Gregariousness
3. Ego
4. Self-regard
5. Narcissism
Which of the above are in the Cattell’s list of ergs?
(a) 2, 4 and 5
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 5
Answer (c)
22. Adulthood is not simply a reaction to childhood experiences but rather is a continuing developmental process that is influenced by the previous stages." This is stated by
(a) Erikson
(b) Adler
(c) Homey
(d) Mahler
Answer (a)
23. Erikson assumed that human development is characterized by a series of stages that are universal to mankind and unfold in a predetermined way. This principle is called
(a) Pleasure principle
(b) Reality principle
(c) Epigenetic principle
(d) Nirvan principle
Answer (a)
24. Which among the following is the appropriate inventory to be employed to comprehensively assess the personality of normal individuals?
(a) MMPI-I
(b) CPI
(c) Bell's Adjustment Inventory
(d) Locus of Control Inventory
Answer (b)
25. Which one of the following is the best statistical procedure used to identify patterns of traits that go together?
(a) Factor analysis
(b) Analysis of covariance
(c) Correlation
(d) Regression analysis
Answer (a)
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